Question:
What is the action of the following reagents on ethyl amine:
i. Chloroform and caustic potash
ii. Nitrous acid
What is the action of the following reagents on ethyl amine:
i. Chloroform and caustic potash
ii. Nitrous acid
i. Chloroform and caustic potash
ii. Nitrous acid
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Primary amines give isocyanides with chloroform/KOH and alcohols with nitrous acid due to diazonium instability.
Updated On: Nov 6, 2025
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Solution and Explanation
i. Chloroform and Caustic Potash: Ethyl amine (\( \chemfig{CH_3-CH_2-NH_2} \)) undergoes the carbylamine reaction:
\[
\chemfig{CH_3-CH_2-NH_2} + \chemfig{CHCl_3} + 3\text{KOH} \xrightarrow{\text{heat}} \chemfig{CH_3-CH_2-NC} + 3\text{KCl} + 3\text{H}_2\text{O}.
\]
Product: Ethyl isocyanide (foul-smelling).
ii. Nitrous Acid: Ethyl amine reacts with HNO\(_2\) (from NaNO\(_2\) + HCl) to form an alcohol via diazonium ion decomposition: \[ \chemfig{CH_3-CH_2-NH_2} + \chemfig{HNO_2} \to \chemfig{CH_3-CH_2-OH} + \text{N}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O}. \] Product: Ethanol.
ii. Nitrous Acid: Ethyl amine reacts with HNO\(_2\) (from NaNO\(_2\) + HCl) to form an alcohol via diazonium ion decomposition: \[ \chemfig{CH_3-CH_2-NH_2} + \chemfig{HNO_2} \to \chemfig{CH_3-CH_2-OH} + \text{N}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O}. \] Product: Ethanol.
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Top Questions on Amines
The descending order of basicity of following amines is :
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :Which of the following amine(s) show(s) positive carbamylamine test?
The correct order of basicity for the following molecules is:
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(A) \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{O}\)
(B) \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{MeO}\)
(C) \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{NO}_2\)
(D) \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{CH}_3\) - Identify correct statements: (A) Primary amines do not give diazonium salts when treated with \({NaNO}_2\) in acidic condition.
(B) Aliphatic and aromatic primary amines on heating with \({CHCl}_3\) and ethanolic \({KOH}\) form carbylamines.
(C) Secondary and tertiary amines also give carbylamine test.
(D) Benzenesulfonyl chloride is known as Hinsberg’s reagent.
(E) Tertiary amines react with benzenesulfonyl chloride very easily.
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