What is genetic manipulation? How is it useful in agricultural practices?
Approach Solution - 1
Transferring desirable genes from one plant to another plant far the production of varieties with desirable characters is known as genetic manipulation.
Example: Profuse branching in fodder craps, high yielding varieties in maize wheat, etc.
Uses in agricultural practices:
- Better adaptability to adverse environmental conditions.
- Contain desirable features.
- Helps in increasing yield and quality.
- Maturation period is shorter.
Approach Solution -2
Genetic manipulation involves transferring desirable traits from one plant to another. This is done to create varieties with sought-after characteristics, such as increased branching in fodder crops and higher yields in maize and wheat. Genetic manipulation is valuable for creating varieties with higher yields, improved quality, shorter maturation times, increased adaptability to harsh environments, and desired characteristics.
The agricultural methods for growing and harvesting crops depend directly on agronomic conditions, which include weather, soil quality, and the availability of water resources. Because weather conditions, like droughts and floods, can be unpredictable, crop varieties have been developed to thrive in various climates.
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Concepts Used:
Strategies For Enhancement in Food Production
Animal Husbandry
The raising and breeding of livestock are known as animal husbandry. Dairy farm management and fisheries are also included under animal husbandry and responsible for the selection of good breeds for better yield, maintaining a well-ventilated house and proper cleanliness and hygiene, and regulating proper disposal of waste.
Read More: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
Animal Breeding
The practice of raising a group of animals belonging to a common species. Inbreeding and outbreeding are the two types of animal breeding.
- Animals of superior male and female breed are made to mate for 4 to 6 generations. According to Mendel's experiment, true-breeding species or pure lines are created by Inbreeding which results in homozygosity.
- The breeding involving animals that are not related is known as outbreeding.
- Bee-keeping: The rearing of bees for the production of honey and beeswax is known as apiculture. One of the most common species of the honey bee is Apis indica. Beeswax is used to prepare polish, cosmetics, etc.
- Fisheries: Cultivation or breeding of aquatic flora and fauna for a commercial purpose is known as aquaculture. Fish and fish products for consumption are known as pisciculture.
Plant Breeding
In order to get rid of nutrient deficiency diseases, crops need to have a specific nutrient value besides disease resistance, pest resistance, and high yield capacity. There are many strategies for enhancing food production through plant breeding.
- Somatic Hybrids
- Totipotency
- Biofortification
Plant Breeding for Disease Resistance
Plant Breeding for Pest Resistance
Plant Breeding for Improved Food Quality
Single-Cell Protein
One of the ways to meet the growing demand of nutrients in plants and animals is a single-cell protein which is biomass that is rich in protein. microbes are produced on an industrial scale to get single-cell protein.