Question

What is double fertilization? What is its importance?

Hint:

Double fertilization is unique to angiosperms and is critical for seed development.

Answer 1

Step 1: Define Double Fertilization
Double fertilization is a process unique to angiosperms (flowering plants) where two fertilization events occur. One sperm cell fertilizes the egg cell, forming a zygote, while another sperm cell fuses with two polar nuclei, forming a triploid cell that develops into the endosperm (a tissue that provides nutrition to the developing embryo).
Step 2: Importance of Double Fertilization
1. Formation of Zygote and Endosperm: The zygote develops into the embryo, while the endosperm nourishes the developing embryo. 2. Efficient Use of Resources: Double fertilization ensures that the resources of the plant are used efficiently to support embryo growth.
Final Answer: Double fertilization is the fusion of one sperm cell with the egg and another with two polar nuclei. Its importance lies in forming both the zygote (embryo) and the endosperm (food source for the embryo).