Question

What is a transformer? Describe the energy losses occurring in a transformer.

Answer 1

Step 1: Definition of a Transformer.
A transformer is an electrical device used to transfer electrical energy between two circuits through electromagnetic induction. It is mainly used to step up or step down AC voltages in a power system.
Step 2: Energy Losses in a Transformer.
The main types of energy losses in a transformer are: - **Core Loss (Hysteresis Loss)**: Caused by the alternating magnetic field in the core, which causes energy loss due to hysteresis in the material. - **Eddy Current Loss**: Induced currents in the core that result in energy dissipation as heat. - **Copper Loss**: Losses in the primary and secondary windings due to the resistance of the wires. - **Leakage Flux Loss**: Losses due to incomplete magnetic coupling between the primary and secondary windings.