Step 1: Define industrialization.
Industrialization is the large-scale development of industries such as factories, mechanized production, and modern technology. It shifts the economy from agriculture-based to industry-based.
Step 2: Key features.
\begin{itemize}
\item Use of machines and technology in production.
\item Mass production of goods in factories.
\item Migration of people from rural to urban areas for employment.
\item Rise of new social classes like industrial workers and capitalists.
\end{itemize}
Step 3: Conclusion.
Thus, industrialization is a social and economic process that leads to urbanization, modernization, and economic growth.
Final Answer: \[ \boxed{\text{Industrialization = shift from agriculture to industries with machines and factories}} \]
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