The density of population refers to the number of people living per unit area, usually measured in persons per square kilometer. It helps to understand how crowded or sparsely populated a region is.
Step 1: Definition.
Population density is calculated as:
\[
\text{Population Density} = \frac{\text{Total Population}}{\text{Total Area (in sq. km)}}
\]
Step 2: Purpose.
It shows how human population is distributed in different regions. High density means more people in a small area, while low density means fewer people spread over a larger area.
Step 3: Example.
For example, states like Bihar and West Bengal have a high population density, whereas Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim have a low population density.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Hence, the density of population is an important indicator for planning resources, infrastructure, and services in any country.