Question

What are X and Y respectively in the following reactions? 

 

• A.
• B.
• C.
• D.

Hint:

When nitrating aromatic compounds, the nature of substituents on the aromatic ring (electron-donating or withdrawing) determines the position of substitution.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Analyzing the first reaction (Nitration) Nitration is a type of electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction in which a nitro group (\({NO}_2\)) is introduced to the aromatic ring. In the given reaction, the methyl group is meta-directing, hence the nitro group will be substituted at the meta position to the formyl group (-CHO).
Thus, X is \({NO}_2\).
Step 2: Analyzing the second reaction (Oxidation with KMnO\(_4\) / OH\(^-\)) 
KMnO\(_4\) is a strong oxidizing agent. It oxidizes the aldehyde group (-CHO) to a carboxylic acid group (-COOH). 
Thus, Y is \({COOH}\).
Therefore, the correct answer is option (2).