Question

What are decomposers? List two consequences of their absence in an ecosystem.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding Decomposers:
Decomposers are organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and some invertebrates, that break down dead or decaying organic matter into simpler substances like carbon dioxide, water, and nutrients. They play a crucial role in recycling nutrients in the ecosystem by breaking down dead plants and animals, thus returning essential nutrients to the soil, which can be reused by producers (plants).

Step 2: Consequences of the Absence of Decomposers in an Ecosystem:
1. Accumulation of Dead Organic Matter:
Without decomposers, dead plants and animals would not break down efficiently. This would result in the accumulation of dead organic matter in the environment, leading to a lack of space and a disruption in the normal functioning of the ecosystem.

2. Disruption of Nutrient Cycling:
Decomposers play a vital role in recycling nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon. In their absence, these essential nutrients would not be broken down and returned to the soil, leading to soil depletion. This would affect plant growth and ultimately the entire food chain, as producers (plants) would not have access to the necessary nutrients.

Step 3: Conclusion:
Decomposers are essential for breaking down organic matter and recycling nutrients. Their absence in an ecosystem would lead to the accumulation of dead organic matter and disruption of nutrient cycling, both of which are crucial for the health and balance of the ecosystem.