Step 1: Understanding Oral Statements under Indian Evidence Act.
Sections 59 to 60 of the Indian Evidence Act define oral statements as statements made by a witness either in court or outside of court. This includes statements made by the accused to the police, and any statement a witness heard and can testify to.
Step 2: Explanation of Other Options.
- (a) Statements made before the court by the witness are oral statements under Section 59.
- (b) Statements made to the police are also considered oral statements under Section 60.
- (c) Statements made by a witness who heard facts are also included.
Step 3: Conclusion.
All the options are correct, making (d) the best choice.