Question

Two statements are given. Identify the cause–effect} relationship, if any.
I. The government has recently fixed the fees for professional courses offered by the unaided institutions which are much lower than the fees charged last year.
II. The parents of the aspiring students launched a severe agitation last year protesting against the high fees charged by the unaided institutions.

• A. Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
• B. Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
• C. Both the statements I and II are independent causes
• D. Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes

Hint:

Always check temporal order first: if one event is explicitly “last year” and the other is “recently,” causation can only flow from the earlier to the later event—provided the content shows a sensible policy or behavioral link.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Map the timeline.
II mentions a parents’ agitation last year} against high fees. I mentions that the government recently} fixed (capped) fees at a lower level. The chronology (agitation \(\) later policy) aligns with cause before effect}.
Step 2: Check plausibility of influence.
Public protests commonly trigger regulatory intervention. An agitation against high fees is a sufficient and relevant reason for the government to cap fees.
Step 3: Eliminate other options.
- (A) claims the cap caused last year’s agitation — time order is reversed.
- (C) says both are independent causes — but I is clearly an effect} (policy) rather than a cause for another event here.
- (D) treats both as effects of different causes — unnecessary; II naturally explains I.
\[ \boxed{\text{(B) Statement II is the cause and Statement I is its effect}} \]