Question:
Two microbes found to be very useful in genetic engineering are-
Two microbes found to be very useful in genetic engineering are-
Updated On: Jun 27, 2024
- Crown gall bacterium and Caenorhabditis elegans
- Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- Vibrio cholerae and a tailed bacteriophage
- Diplococcus sp and Pseudomonas sp
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
E.coli contains many important standard cloning vectors widely used in gene cloning experiments like PBR322 contains origin of replication (ori). Other cloning vectors like PACYC177, PBR324, PRK 64.6 contain ampicillin resistance gene they are also found in E.coli. Among higher plants, Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Ri plasmid of A. rhizogenes is the best known vector.
T-DNA from Ti or Ri plasmid of Agcobacterium is considered to be a very potential vector for cloning experiments with higher plants.
T-DNA from Ti or Ri plasmid of Agcobacterium is considered to be a very potential vector for cloning experiments with higher plants.
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Concepts Used:
Biotechnology
Biotechnology is a vast field of biology that involves the creation, production, and modification of useful products for human welfare using both the technology and the execution of living organisms and their components. An agricultural engineer, Karoly Ereky, coined the word "biotechnology" in 1919, achieving him the title of "Father of Biotechnology."
Principles of Biotechnology:
Among many, the two core techniques that entitled the birth of modern biotechnology are :
- Genetic Engineering is one of the methods of direct modifications of an organism's genome (i.e., DNA and RNA). It requires the introduction of new genes into host species to escalate function or trait, hence altering the host organism's phenotype.
- Bioprocess Engineering is one of the methods of maintaining sterile conditions to facilitate the growth of large quantities of desired microbes and other eukaryotic cells for the development of new or modified biotechnological products such as enzymes, vaccines, antibiotics, and other biotechnological products.