Question:

Two electrons one moving in opposite direction with speeds $0.8\,c$ and $0.4\,c$ where c is the speed of light in vacuum. Then the relative speed is about

Updated On: Apr 22, 2024
  • $0.4 \,c$
  • $0.8 \,c$
  • $0.9 \,c$
  • $1.2 \,c$
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

The particles are moving with velocities $0.8 \,c$ and $-0.4\, c$ in the laboratory frame, say $S^{\prime}$ frame. Let $S$ be a reference frame in which the particle with velocity $-0.4\, c$ is at rest. Then, the velocity of $S^{\prime}$ (laboratory) relative to $S$ is $v=0.4\, c$. Therefore, the particle which in $S^{\prime}$ has velocity $u^{\prime}=+0.8\, c$ has a velocity in S given by
$u =\frac{u^{\prime}+v}{1+\frac{u^{\prime} v}{c^{2}}}$
$=\frac{0.8 c+0.4 c}{1+\frac{(0.8 c)(0.4 c)}{c^{2}}} $
$=\frac{1.2 c}{1+0.32}=0.9 c$
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Concepts Used:

Relative Velocity

The velocity with which one object moves with respect to another object is the relative velocity of an object with respect to another. By relative velocity, we can further understand the time rate of change in the relative position of one object with respect to another.

It is generally used to describe the motion of moving boats through water, airplanes in the wind, etc. According to the person as an observer inside the object, we can compute the velocity very easily.

The velocity of the body A – the velocity of the body B = The relative velocity of A with respect to B

V_{AB} = V_{A} – V_{B}

Where,

The relative velocity of the body A with respect to the body B = V_{AB}

The velocity of the body A = V_{A}

The velocity of body B = V_{B}