Question

Toxic constituent in Vicia faba may cause_________ pathological disorder.

• A. Favism
• B. Lathyrism
• C. Rickets
• D. Blindness

Hint:

Memorize the specific pairings of food toxins and the diseases they cause: {Vicia faba} (Fava beans) \(\rightarrow\) Favism; {Lathyrus sativus} (Grass pea) \(\rightarrow\) Lathyrism; Improperly processed cassava \(\rightarrow\) Konzo.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
{Vicia faba}, commonly known as the fava bean or broad bean, contains certain natural compounds that can be toxic to susceptible individuals, leading to a specific medical condition.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
- Favism: This is a condition where individuals with a hereditary deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) experience acute hemolytic anemia after consuming fava beans. The causative agents in the beans are the pyrimidine glycosides vicine and convicine.
- Lathyrism: This is a neurological disorder caused by eating certain legumes of the genus {Lathyrus} (grass pea), not {Vicia faba}. The toxin responsible is oxalyldiaminopropionic acid (ODAP).
- Rickets: This is a bone disorder caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate. It is unrelated to fava bean consumption.
- Blindness: While nutritional deficiencies (like Vitamin A deficiency) can cause blindness, it is not associated with toxins in fava beans.
Step 4: Final Answer:
The pathological disorder specifically associated with the toxic constituents in {Vicia faba} is Favism. Therefore, option (A) is correct.