Question

To generate energy, nuclear reactors use the principle of:

• A. Fusion
• B. Fission
• C. Alpha decay
• D. Beta decay

Hint:

Nuclear fission is the process used in reactors to release energy, while fusion occurs in stars like the Sun.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Nuclear reactors primarily generate energy through the principle of fission. This is a process where a heavy atomic nucleus, such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239, splits into two smaller nuclei along with a few neutrons and a large amount of energy. The steps involved in nuclear fission to generate energy include:

1. Neutron Absorption: A neutron collides with a heavy nucleus, causing it to become unstable.
2. Nucleus Splits: The unstable nucleus divides into two smaller nuclei, a process called fission.
3. Energy Release: During the fission, a tremendous amount of energy is emitted in the form of kinetic energy of the fragments and gamma radiation.
4. Chain Reaction: The released neutrons may further collide with other fissile nuclei, continuing the process.

Principle	Description
Fusion	Joining of lighter nuclei to form a heavier nucleus
Fission	Splitting of a heavy nucleus into smaller nuclei
Alpha decay	Emission of an alpha particle from a nucleus
Beta decay	Emission of a beta particle from a nucleus

In summary, nuclear reactors utilize the fission process to release the energy needed to generate electricity, making it the core principle behind their operation.