Step 1: Understanding Types of Flagella.
Flagella are differentiated based on their structural complexity and the arrangement of microtubules. Key types include:
Acronematic: Simple, single microtubules.
Pantonematic: Multiple microtubules arranged in complex patterns.
Stichonematic: Flagella with a series of fine, hair-like lateral fibrils along the shaft.
Anematic: Absence of typical flagellar structures.
Step 2: Identifying Flagella in Protozoans.
Astasia is a genus of flagellate protozoans, closely related to Euglena, known primarily for their swimming and motility mechanisms enabled by their flagella.
Step 3: Associating the Correct Type with Astasia.
Astasia is characterized by having stichonematic flagella, which include additional fibrillar structures that aid in its movement and are more complex than the simplest forms like acronematic.
The percentage error in the measurement of mass and velocity are 3% and 4% respectively. The percentage error in the measurement of kinetic energy is:
If \( L, M, N \) are the midpoints of the sides PQ, QR, and RP of triangle \( \Delta PQR \), then \( \overline{QM} + \overline{LN} + \overline{ML} + \overline{RN} - \overline{MN} - \overline{QL} = \):