The variance in male mating success is \(V_m\) and that of females is \(V_f\). Assuming that the sex ratio is 1:1, in which one of the following mating systems is \(V_m/V_f\) expected to be the greatest?
Show Hint
1. Monogamy results in low variance for both sexes.
2. Polygyny greatly increases male variance (\(V_m\)) as only a few males achieve most matings.
3. Polyandry increases female variance (\(V_f\)), reducing the \(V_m/V_f\) ratio.
- Monogamy
- Random mating
- Polyandry
- Polygyny
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Random mating (Option B): In random mating, individuals mate without preference, leading to moderate variance in reproductive success for both males and females. \(V_m/V_f\) is not expected to be very large.
Polyandry (Option C): In polyandry, females mate with multiple males. This increases \(V_f\) (female variance in mating success) relative to \(V_m\), leading to a small \(V_m/V_f\) ratio.
Polygyny (Option D): In polygyny, some males mate with many females while others mate with none. This creates a high \(V_m\) (male variance in mating success) compared to \(V_f\), leading to the highest \(V_m/V_f\) ratio among the options.
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