This quote reflects the core idea of William James's pragmatism, where truth and rightness are defined in terms of their practical utility or expediency.
Key points:
1. William James: He proposed that the concept of "truth" is not absolute but is verified through its practical consequences and usefulness in guiding human thought and action.
2. Explanation of the statement:
- "The true is only the expedient in the way of our thinking": Truth is what works best in the context of our intellectual and practical endeavors.
- "The right is only the expedient in the way of our behaving": Ethical correctness is judged by its functionality in achieving desirable outcomes.
3. Incorrect options:
- (B) John Dewey: A pragmatist, but his focus was more on education and democratic ideals than the specific formulation of truth in James’s terms.
- (C) Richard Rorty: A neo-pragmatist, but this specific concept of truth was formulated by James.
- (D) C. S. Peirce: A founder of pragmatism, but his approach to truth emphasized long-term convergence of belief rather than expediency in action.
Thus, the correct answer is (A) William James.