A hydrogen atom consists of an electron revolving in a circular orbit of radius r with certain velocity v around a proton located at the nucleus of the atom. The electrostatic force of attraction between the revolving electron and the proton provides the requisite centripetal force to keep it in the orbit. According to Bohr’s model, an electron can revolve only in certain stable orbits. The angular momentum of the electron in these orbits is some integral multiple of \(\frac{h}{2π}\), where h is the Planck’s constant.
Ion | Q4+ | Xb+ | Yc+ | Zd+ |
---|---|---|---|---|
Radius (pm) | 53 | 66 | 40 | 100 |
Q4+, Xb+, Yc+, Zd+ are respectively
A wheel of mass \( 4M \) and radius \( R \) is made of a thin uniform distribution of mass \( 3M \) at the rim and a point mass \( M \) at the center. The spokes of the wheel are massless. The center of mass of the wheel is connected to a horizontal massless rod of length \( 2R \), with one end fixed at \( O \), as shown in the figure. The wheel rolls without slipping on horizontal ground with angular speed \( \Omega \). If \( \vec{L} \) is the total angular momentum of the wheel about \( O \), then the magnitude \( \left| \frac{d\vec{L}}{dt} \right| = N(MR^2 \Omega^2) \). The value of \( N \) (in integer) is: