\( 5f, 6d \) and \( 7s \) levels having comparable energies
\( 4f \) and \( 5d \) levels being close in energies
The radioactive nature of actinoids
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The Correct Option isB
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding oxidation states in actinoids.
- Actinoids exhibit variable oxidation states due to the involvement of \( 5f, 6d, \) and \( 7s \) orbitals in bonding.
- The energy difference between these orbitals is small, allowing easy promotion of electrons to higher energy states. Step 2: Comparing actinoids with lanthanoids.
- In lanthanoids, \( 4f \) electrons are more strongly bound, leading to fewer oxidation states.
- In actinoids, the \( 5f \) electrons are more delocalized, leading to a wider range of oxidation states.