Question:
The reaction is called :
The reaction is called :
Updated On: Jun 28, 2024
- Etard reaction
- Gatterman - Koch reaction
- Williamson synthesis
- Williamson continuous etherification process
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
${ R - O - Na+ R' - X -> R - O - R'}$ this is Williamson Synthesis
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Top Questions on Ethers
- Replacement of a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon by an alkoxy or carboxyl group yields a class of compounds known as ethers. Ethers are classified as symmetrical or unsymmetrical on the basis of groups attached to the oxygen atoms. Diethyl ether, a symmetrical ether, has been widely used as an inhalation anesthetic. Ethers can be prepared by acid catalyzed intermolecular dehydration of alcohols and Williamson's synthesis. Acid catalyzed dehydration of alcohols is not generally preferred as it gives a mixture of elimination and substitution products. In Williamson's synthesis, an alkyl halide is allowed to react with sodium alkoxide. Ethers containing substituted Alkyl groups may also be prepared by this method. The C-O bond in ether is weakly polar and is cleaved under drastic conditions with excess of hydrogen halides. In electrophilic substitution, the alkoxy group deactivates the aromatic ring and directs the incoming group to ortho and para positions.
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Concepts Used:
Ethers
A class of organic compounds that mostly contain an ether group in which the oxygen atom is bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups are referred to as Ethers. For the same, C-O-C is the functional group.
Chemical Properties of Ether:
Ethers are less polar as well as less reactive, and they do not react with active metals (Na, K), cold dilute acid, oxidizing and reducing agents or other chemicals.
The reason is that they do not have an active functional group.
- Because of the presence of a lone pair on the oxygen atom, ether has a basic nature and behaves like a Lewis base. Formation of oxonium ion occurs when ethers react with cold conc. acid. Ethers, such as BF3, AICI3, and RMgX, form a dative bond with Lewis acid.
- There is a significant difference between the boiling points of ethanol and dimethyl ether. Ethanol has very much higher boiling point of 78 degrees Celsius, whereas dimethyl ether has a negative 25 degrees boiling point. And this explains the molecules' state of matter.
- Ethanol is, of course, a liquid at room temperature and pressure because its boiling point is higher than room temperature. On the other hand, Dimethyl ether already has turned into a gas due to its much lower boiling point.