Question

The rate of solvolysis of I–IV follows 

• A. I > II > III > IV
• B. III > I > II > IV
• C. III > II > I > IV
• D. IV > I > II > III

Hint:

In solvolysis, more substituted carbocations lead to faster reactions due to greater stability.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding solvolysis.
Solvolysis is a substitution reaction where a substrate reacts with a solvent, typically involving the nucleophilic attack on a carbon atom. The rate of solvolysis depends on the stability of the transition state and the ease of leaving group departure. The more substituted the carbon, the faster the reaction. Tertiary carbocations, for example, are more stable and lead to faster solvolysis.

Step 2: Analyzing the structures of I–IV.
- I: A highly substituted, stable carbocation leads to fast solvolysis.
- II: A less substituted carbocation, slower solvolysis.
- III: A primary carbocation, slow solvolysis.
- IV: A methyl carbocation, the slowest in solvolysis.

Step 3: Conclusion.
The rate of solvolysis follows the order III > I > II > IV, so the correct answer is (B).