When a vehicle’s front wheels are turned fully to one side, each wheel traces a circular path on the ground.
The radius of this path traced by the outside front wheel is known as the turning radius.
The turning radius determines how tightly a vehicle can turn, which is an important factor for maneuverability.
A smaller turning radius allows a vehicle to make sharper turns and park in tighter spaces.
Terms like axial, pre-set, or vertical do not describe this concept in steering geometry.
Therefore, the correct answer is turning radius.