Question

The process that involves mixing waste with cement and other substances before disposal, in order to minimize the risk of toxic substances contained in the wastes migrating into the surface water or ground water is termed as?

• A. Inertization
• B. Incineration
• C. Land disposal
• D. Microwave irradiation

Hint:

Remember the purpose of different waste treatments:

\textbf{Incineration} $\rightarrow$ Destroy and reduce volume (heat).
\textbf{Autoclaving/Microwaving} $\rightarrow$ Disinfect (kill germs).
\textbf{Inertization} $\rightarrow$ Stabilize and contain toxins (mixing/solidifying).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Analyze the process described. Step 1: The process involves mixing waste (particularly pharmaceutical and chemical waste) with substances like cement, lime, and water. The goal is to solidify and stabilize the waste, trapping toxic components to prevent them from leaching out.
Step 2: Define the options.
Step 2:

Inertization: This is the exact process described. It makes the waste 'inert' or non-reactive by binding it within a solid matrix.
Incineration: This is a high-temperature combustion process used to burn waste and reduce its volume. It does not involve mixing with cement.
Land disposal: This is a method of final placement of waste, such as in a landfill. Inertization is a pre-treatment step before land disposal.
Microwave irradiation: This is a disinfection technology that uses microwaves to kill microorganisms in the waste. It does not involve cement.
Step 3: Match the process to the correct term.
Step 3: The description perfectly matches the definition of Inertization.