The principle of competitive exclusion was stated by
- C. Darwin
- G. F. Gause
- MacArthur
- Verhulst & Pearl
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Gause’s Competitive Exclusion Principle
Two or more species with closely similar niche requirements cannot exist indefinitely in the same area, as sooner or later they will come into competition for possession of it. This is known as Gause’s competitive exclusion principle.
The principle states that an ecological niche cannot be simultaneously and completely occupied by established populations of more than one species. Essentially, two species can live in the same habitat, but they cannot occupy the exact same niche.
The more similar the two niches are, the more severe the competition becomes.
Key Points of Gause's Competitive Exclusion Principle:
- Species with similar ecological requirements cannot coexist indefinitely in the same area.
- Each species has a unique ecological niche that it occupies.
- If two species attempt to occupy the same niche, competition will lead to one species being excluded or eliminated.
- More similar niches lead to more severe competition.
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Concepts Used:
Purification of Organic Compounds
We commonly use these methods for the purification of substances:
- Simple crystallization - The most common method that we use to purify organic solids.
- Fractional crystallization - It is the process of separation of different components of a mixture by repeated crystallisations.
- Sublimation - Certain organic solids on heating directly change from solid to vapor state without passing through a liquid state. These substances are sublimable. This process is sublimation.
- Simple distillation - It is the joint process of vaporization and condensation.
- Fractional distillation - It is the process to separate a mixture of two or more miscible liquids which have boiling points close to each other
- Distillation under reduced pressure
- Steam distillation
- Azeotropic distillation
- Chromatography