Question:
The polygenic genes show
The polygenic genes show
Updated On: Jul 11, 2024
- different karyotypes
- different genotypes
- different phenotypes
- none of these.
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Polygenic (or Quantitative) inheritance is that type of inheritance in which the complete expression of a trait is controlled by two or more genes in which a dominant allele of each gene contributes only a unit raction of the trait and total phenotypic expression is the sum total of a additive or cumulative effect of all the dominant alleles of genes/polygenes. Human skin colour is an example of such polygenic inheritance which is controlled by three pairs of polygenes A, B and C. Negro/black colour is due to presence of all the six dominant contributing alleles AABBCC. Very light colour or white colour is due to presence of all six recessive noncontributing alleles aabbcc.
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Concepts Used:
Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
Chromosomal theory: Linkage and Genetic Recombination
If two genes were present on the same chromosome, the chances of getting a parental combination were much higher in the next generation in comparison to the non-parental combination. This physical association of genes was termed ‘linkage’. The description of the non-parental gene combinations in a dihybrid cross is termed ‘genetic recombination'. After the discovery of linked genes, the frequency of linked genes also influenced the appearance of traits in the next generation.
Observations of Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance:
- During the cell division-meiosis process, the pairs of homologous chromosomes move as discrete structures, which are independent of other pairs of chromosomes.
- From each homologous pair, there is a random distribution of chromosomes into the pre-gametes.
- Each parent synthesizes gametes, which add up to only half of their chromosomal complement.
- Even though female (egg) and male (sperm) gametes differ in morphology and size, they have the same number of chromosomes, submitting equal genetic contributions from each parent.
- The gametic chromosomes fuse during the process of fertilization to produce offspring with the same number of a chromosome as their parents.
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