Question

The point on the orbital of the Earth which is nearest to the Sun is called:

• A. perihelion point
• B. aphelion point
• C. shortest distance point
• D. highest distance point

Hint:

"Peri" = near, "helion" = Sun → perihelion = nearest to the Sun.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

To determine the correct term for the point on Earth's orbit that is nearest to the Sun, let's analyze the options:

1. Understanding the Terminology:
In orbital mechanics, the closest and farthest points of a celestial body's orbit around the Sun have specific names derived from Greek roots:

• "Peri-" means "near," and "helion" refers to the Sun.
• "Apo-" means "away from."

2. Evaluating the Options:
- Perihelion point: Correct. This is the term for the nearest point to the Sun in Earth's orbit.
- Aphelion point: Incorrect. This refers to the farthest point from the Sun.
- Shortest distance point: Incorrect. While descriptively accurate, it is not the formal astronomical term.
- Highest distance point: Incorrect. This contradicts the question, as it describes the farthest point (aphelion).

3. Conclusion:
The correct term is perihelion point, as it specifically denotes the orbital position closest to the Sun.

Final Answer:
The point on the orbital of the Earth which is nearest to the Sun is called perihelion point.