Question

The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) of India is constituted under which Act?

• A. National Human Rights Commission Act, 1993
• B. Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993
• C. Civil Rights Protection Act, 1993
• D. Constitution of India

Hint:

Ensure to understand the specific legislation governing constitutional bodies like NHRC to comprehend their functions, jurisdiction, and powers.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) of India is constituted under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. This Act was enacted to provide for the constitution of the NHRC and State Human Rights Commissions, and for the protection of human rights in India.

Answer 2

The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) of India is constituted under the provisions of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. This Act was enacted by the Parliament of India to provide for the constitution of a National Human Rights Commission, State Human Rights Commissions, and Human Rights Courts for better protection and promotion of human rights.

Purpose of the Act:
The main objective of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 is to safeguard and promote human rights, which are defined as the rights relating to life, liberty, equality, and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in international covenants and enforceable by courts in India.

Establishment of NHRC:
The NHRC was established on October 12, 1993, under this Act. It is an independent statutory body with powers of a civil court for inquiries into complaints regarding human rights violations or negligence in the prevention of such violations by public servants.

Functions of NHRC:
1. Inquire into complaints of human rights violations.
2. Review the safeguards provided by the Constitution or any law.
3. Study treaties and international instruments on human rights and make recommendations.
4. Promote research and awareness in the field of human rights.
5. Encourage efforts of NGOs and individuals working in the field of human rights.

Conclusion:
The legal foundation for the NHRC is laid down by the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, which empowers it to function as a watchdog for the protection and enforcement of fundamental human rights across India.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.