Step 1: Understanding typhoid disease.
Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection that spreads through contaminated food and water. It primarily affects the intestinal tract and bloodstream.
Step 2: Identifying the pathogen.
- (A) Ascaris: This is a parasitic roundworm that causes ascariasis, not typhoid.
- (B) Amoeba: Causes amoebic dysentery, not typhoid.
- (C) Paramecium: A free-living ciliate, not a human pathogen.
- (D) Salmonella: Specifically, *Salmonella typhi* is the bacterium that causes typhoid fever.
Step 3: Conclusion.
The correct answer is (D) Salmonella, as *Salmonella typhi* is the causative agent of typhoid.
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. Prevention is the frontline response to drug use. Effective interventions address the underlying conditions contributing to drug use, such as a lack of connection to family or community, instability, insecurity, trauma, mental health issues, etc. When addressed, these factors can effectively prevent the initiation of drug use and the progression to drug use disorders. Study the few key figures of drug use given below and answer the questions that follow.
(a) What do you infer from the figures in Table No. 1 about the people with drug use disorders, 2022 (in million)? State any two of your observations.
(b) How are Hepatitis C and HIV related to drug use disorders by people, as shown in Table No. 2? State the correlation between the two.
(c)