Question:

The magnetic moment of a salt containing $Zn ^{2+}$ ion is

Updated On: Apr 15, 2024
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Magnetic moment of $Zn ^{2+} \mu_{\text {effective }}$ $=\sqrt{n(n+2)} BM$
where, $n=$ Number of unpaired electrons
${ }_{30} Zn =1 s^{2}, 2 s ^{2} 2 p^{6}, 3 s^{2} 3 p^{6} 3 d^{10}, 4 s^{2}$
$Zn ^{2+}=1 s^{2}, 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6}, 3 s^{2} 3 p^{6} 3 d^{10}$


So, magnetic moment of $Zn ^{2+}=$ zero
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Concepts Used:

Properties of D Block Elements

  • Multiple oxidation states- The oxidation states of d block elements show very few energy gaps; therefore, they exhibit many oxidation states. Also, the energy difference between s and d orbital is very less. Therefore both the electrons are involved in ionic and covalent bond formation, which ultimately leads to multiple oxidation states.
  • Formation of complex compounds- Ligands show a binding behavior and can form so many stable complexes with the help of transition metals. This property is mainly due to:
    • Availability of vacant d orbitals.
    • Comparatively small sizes of metals.
  • Hardness- Transition elements are tough and have high densities because of the presence of unpaired electrons.
  • Melting and boiling points- Melting and boiling points of transition are very high because of the presence of unpaired electrons and partially filled d orbitals. They form strong bonds and have high melting and boiling points.
  • Atomic radii- The atomic and ionic radius of the transition elements decreases as we move from Group 3 to group 6. However, it remains the same between group 7 and group 10, and from group 11 to group 12 increases.
  • Ionization enthalpy- The ionization enthalpies of the transition elements are generally on the greater side as compared to the S block elements