The hybridisation of Xe in XeF2,is:
The hybridisation of Xe in XeF2,is:
sp3
sp3d
sp3d2
sp2d
sp2
The Correct Option is B
Approach Solution - 1
XeF2 structure analysis:
- Central Xe atom with 2 F atoms and 3 lone pairs
- Total electron pairs: 5 (sp3d hybridization)
- Trigonal bipyramidal geometry (linear molecular shape)
Thus, the correct option is (B): sp3d.
Approach Solution -2
1. Understanding hybridisation:
Hybridisation is the concept of mixing atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals that are suitable for bonding. The type of hybridisation can be determined by the number of electron pairs (both bonding and lone pairs) around the central atom.
2. Analyze the structure of XeF2:
- Xenon (Xe) is the central atom in XeF2.
- Xenon has 8 valence electrons in its outer shell.
- In XeF2, xenon forms two single bonds with two fluorine atoms, using 2 of its valence electrons for bonding.
- The remaining 6 valence electrons on xenon exist as 3 lone pairs.
- Thus, there are 5 electron pairs around the central xenon atom: 2 bonding pairs and 3 lone pairs.
3. Determine the hybridisation:
- To accommodate 5 electron pairs, xenon undergoes sp3d hybridisation.
- The 5 hybrid orbitals are arranged in a trigonal bipyramidal geometry.
- In XeF2, the two bonding pairs occupy axial positions, while the three lone pairs occupy equatorial positions, resulting in a linear molecular geometry.
The correct option is (B) sp3d.
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Concepts Used:
Hybridisation
Hybridization refers to the concept of combining atomic orbitals in order to form new hybrid orbitals that are appropriate to represent their bonding properties. Hybridization influences the bond length and bond strength in organic compounds.
Types of Hybridization:
sp Hybridization
sp hybridization is observed while one s and one p orbital inside the identical principal shell of an atom mix to shape two new equal orbitals. The new orbitals formed are referred to as sp hybridized orbitals.
sp2 Hybridization
sp2 hybridization is observed whilst ones and p orbitals of the same shell of an atom blend to shape three equivalent orbitals. The new orbitals formed are referred to as sp2 hybrid orbitals.
sp3 Hybridization
When one ‘s’ orbital and 3 ‘p’ orbitals belonging to the identical shell of an atom blend together to shape 4 new equal orbitals, the sort of hybridization is referred to as a tetrahedral hybridization or sp3.
sp3d Hybridization
sp3d hybridization involves the joining of 3p orbitals and 1d orbital to form 5 sp3d hybridized orbitals of identical energy. They possess trigonal bipyramidal geometry.
sp3d2 Hybridization
With 1 s three p’s and two d’s, there is a formation of 6 new and identical sp3d2 orbitals.