Question

The hallmark feature of diabetic ketoacidosis is:

• A. Hyperglycemia
• B. Hypoglycemia
• C. Hypernatremia
• D. Hyponatremia

Hint:

DKA = “Hyperglycemia + Ketones + Acidosis” — treat with fluids, insulin, and electrolyte correction.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when the body produces high levels of ketones. It is primarily associated with insulin deficiency, which leads to increased glucose production and decreased glucose utilization, resulting in hyperglycemia. The hallmark feature of DKA is therefore hyperglycemia. Let's explore why this is the case:

• Insulin Deficiency: Inadequate insulin prevents glucose from entering cells, causing the liver to produce more glucose.
• Increased Ketone Production: As a result of low insulin, the body starts breaking down fats as an alternative energy source, leading to ketone accumulation.
• Elevated Blood Sugar Levels: The combined effect of increased hepatic glucose output and reduced glucose uptake leads to hyperglycemia, the characteristic feature of DKA.

Understanding these mechanisms clarifies why hyperglycemia is the hallmark of diabetic ketoacidosis.