The free stream Mach number for which the entire flow around the body is subsonic is called
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Knowing the critical Mach number of an aircraft is crucial for avoiding undesirable effects associated with transonic speeds, such as shock waves and sudden drag rise.
Step 1: Define Critical Mach Number.
The critical Mach number is the lowest Mach number at which the airflow over any point of the aircraft or airfoil becomes supersonic. Below this Mach number, all flow over the aircraft is subsonic.