Question

The following amines is the product of Gabriel phthalimide synthesis:

• A. Secondary aliphatic amine
• B. Primary aliphatic amine
• C. Aromatic primary amine
• D. Tertiary aliphatic amine

Hint:

The Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is a reliable method for preparing primary aliphatic amines and can be used to introduce various alkyl groups to the nitrogen atom.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is a reaction used to prepare primary amines. In this reaction, phthalimide (an imide compound) is first deprotonated to form a phthalimide anion, which then reacts with an alkyl halide to give an N-alkyl phthalimide. This intermediate can then undergo hydrolysis to yield a primary amine.

The general steps are:

1. Phthalimide is treated with a base (such as potassium hydroxide) to form a phthalimide anion.
2. The phthalimide anion then reacts with an alkyl halide (R-X) to form the N-alkyl phthalimide.
3. Hydrolysis (using acidic or basic conditions) of the N-alkyl phthalimide leads to the formation of a primary aliphatic amine (R-NH\(_2\)).

Thus, the product of the Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is a primary aliphatic amine.
Option (A) Secondary aliphatic amine: Incorrect. The Gabriel synthesis produces primary amines, not secondary amines.
Option (B) Primary aliphatic amine: Correct. As explained, the reaction leads to the formation of a primary aliphatic amine.
Option (C) Aromatic primary amine: Incorrect. This method typically yields aliphatic primary amines, not aromatic primary amines.
Option (D) Tertiary aliphatic amine: Incorrect. The reaction does not result in the formation of tertiary amines.

Thus, the correct answer is (B) Primary aliphatic amine.