Question

The electric and magnetic fields of an electromagnetic wave are:

• A. perpendicular to each other
• B. parallel to each other
• C. 45° oblique each other
• D. 30° oblique each other

Hint:

EM wave = E ⟂ B ⟂ direction of propagation.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

In the study of electromagnetic waves, particularly within Geo Engineering and Geo Informatics, it is crucial to understand the orientation of the electric and magnetic fields. These fields are essential components of electromagnetic waves.

By definition, an electromagnetic wave consists of oscillating electric and magnetic fields that propagate through space. These fields have distinctive orientations:

• The electric field (E-field) and the magnetic field (B-field) are always perpendicular to each other.
• Additionally, these fields are both perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.

This orthogonal relationship is a fundamental characteristic of electromagnetic waves and plays a pivotal role in the behavior and interaction of these waves with matter.

Thus, the correct option describing the relationship between the electric and magnetic fields in an electromagnetic wave is:

perpendicular to each other