Question

The criminal liability arises in

• A. Involuntary act only
• B. Voluntary acts only
• C. External acts only
• D. Internal act only

Hint:

Criminal liability requires both *actus reus* (voluntary act) and *mens rea* (intent), except in strict liability cases.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Under the Indian Penal Code, 1860, criminal liability typically arises from voluntary acts accompanied by *mens rea* (guilty mind), as per general principles of criminal law. Involuntary acts (e.g., under duress) or purely internal acts (thoughts) do not incur liability. Thus, the correct answer is: \[ {\text{Voluntary acts only}} \]