The centriole undergoes duplication during
G2 phase
S-phase
Prophase
Metaphase
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
To understand when the centriole undergoes duplication, we need to delve into the cell cycle, particularly focusing on the phases of interphase. The cell cycle comprises different phases: G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, and M phase (mitosis). The centriole duplication specifically occurs during the S phase. Let us discuss the steps of the cell cycle relevant to this context:
- G1 Phase (Gap 1): In this initial phase, the cell grows in size and synthesizes mRNA and proteins needed for DNA replication. However, centrioles do not duplicate in this phase.
- S Phase (Synthesis): This phase is crucial for DNA synthesis and it is also the period during which the centrioles duplicate. The centrioles duplicate to ensure that each daughter cell inherits a complete set of centrioles during cell division. Hence, the correct answer to the question is the S phase.
- G2 Phase (Gap 2): In this phase, the cell continues to grow and produce proteins. This phase prepares the cell for mitosis but does not involve centriole duplication.
- M Phase (Mitosis): This phase involves the division of the parent cell's cytoplasm and nucleus, resulting in two daughter cells. Stages within M phase, such as prophase and metaphase, focus on chromosome separation rather than centriole duplication.
As the question asks about the centriole duplication specifically, S phase is the correct choice. Let us rule out the other options:
- G2 phase: Preparation for mitosis occurs here, but centriole duplication has already been completed.
- Prophase: This is a stage of mitosis, where the centrioles move to opposite poles, but they do not duplicate here.
- Metaphase: Chromosomes align at the cell equator during this mitotic phase, with no centriole duplication happening.
Therefore, based on our step-by-step reasoning, the correct answer is S-phase.
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Concepts Used:
Cell Cycle and Cell Division
Cell Cycle:
The sequence of events by which a cell copies itself synthesizes other constituents of the cell and eventually splits into two daughter cells is termed the cell cycle. The cell synthesizes all its constituents in a sequential pattern to make sure the proper division and distribution of components that occurs between the two daughter cells. Therefore, we can say that the cell cycle is the period of time between the development of new daughter cells and their further division.
Stages of Cell Cycle:
The cell cycle can be sub-divided into an additional category of Interphase. Meanwhile, the Interphase can be branched into 3 further stages, such as:
- G1 Phase - “Gap 1 Phase”
- S Phase - "Synthesis Phase"
- G2 Phase - "Gap 2 Phase"
Read More: Cell Cycle and Cell Division
Cell Division:
The division of the parent cells into two or more cells is called daughter cell, cell division takes place. In general, it occurs as a part of a larger cell cycle. All the cell reproduces by dividing into two, wherein each parental cell produces two daughter cells.
Stages of Cell Division:
Cell division can be widely divided into several sub-segments that result from Mitosis and Meiosis.
- Mitosis or (M Phase)
- Meiosis