Question:

The bond energy of an O - H bond is 109 k cal/mole. When a mole of water is formed then

Updated On: Jul 7, 2022
  • 109 k cal is released
  • 218 k cal is released
  • 109 k cal is absorbed
  • 218 k cal is absorbed
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

Bond energy of O-H is 109 k cal/mol means that when one mole of O-H bond is formed 109 k cal energy is released (because dissociation of bond absorbs energy). Formation of one mole of water is equivalent to formation of 2 moles of O-H bonds (H-O-H) Hence energy released = 2 $\times$109 = 218 k cal (Strictly speaking we calculate $\Delta_f$H $^\circ$4 for the reaction $H_2(g) + 1/2 O_2 (g) \rightarrow H_2O (l) (H-O-H) $ $\Delta_f H^\circ$$ = BE(H - H) + 1/2 B E(O = O) -2BE$(O - H)
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Concepts Used:

Enthalpy change

Enthalpy Change refers to the difference between the heat content of the initial and final state of the reaction. Change in enthalpy can prove to be of great importance to find whether the reaction is exothermic or endothermic.

Formula for change in enthalpy is:-

dH = dU + d(PV)

The above equation can be written in the terms of initial and final states of the system which is defined below:

UF – UI = qP –p(VF – VI)

Or qP = (UF + pVF) – (UI + pVI)

Enthalpy (H) can be written as H= U + PV. Putting the value in the above equation, we obtained: 

qP = HF – HI = ∆H

Hence, change in enthalpy ∆H = qP, referred to as the heat consumed at a constant pressure by the system. At constant pressure, we can also write,

∆H = ∆U + p∆V

Standard Enthalpy of Reaction

To specify the standard enthalpy of any reaction, it is calculated when all the components participating in the reaction i.e., the reactants and the products are in their standard form. Therefore the standard enthalpy of reaction is the enthalpy change that occurs in a system when a matter is transformed by a chemical reaction under standard conditions.