Step 1: Understanding biodegradable polymers.
Biodegradable polymers are polymers that can be broken down into simpler substances by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi under natural environmental conditions.
Step 2: Nature of given polymers.
Polylactic acid (PLA) is derived from renewable resources like corn starch and undergoes biodegradation through hydrolysis and microbial action. Other polymers listed are conventional synthetic polymers that resist biodegradation.
Step 3: Analysis of options.
(A) Polylactic acid: Correct — It is a biodegradable and bio-based polymer.
(B) Polybutylene terephthalate: A synthetic polyester, not biodegradable.
(C) Polystyrene: Highly resistant to biodegradation.
(D) Polypropylene: Non-biodegradable polyolefin.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Polylactic acid is the biodegradable polymer among the given options, hence option (A) is correct.