Question

The basic principle of earthquake resistant design of any structure is based on the following concept:

• A. Weak column – Strong beam
• B. Strong column – Weak beam
• C. Strong column – Strong beam
• D. Weak column – Weak beam

Hint:

Earthquake-resistant design always ensures ductile beam failure while keeping columns strong to avoid progressive collapse.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding earthquake-resistant design.
In earthquake-resistant design, structures are expected to behave in a ductile manner. The failure mechanism should ensure life safety, meaning beams should form plastic hinges rather than columns, so that collapse can be avoided.

Step 2: Strong Column – Weak Beam Concept.
If columns are stronger and beams are weaker, the plastic hinges form in the beams, which can redistribute loads and dissipate energy without sudden failure.

Step 3: Why not other options?
- (A) Weak column – Strong beam: This causes column failure, leading to sudden collapse (undesirable).
- (C) Strong column – Strong beam: Impractical in design, uneconomical.
- (D) Weak column – Weak beam: Dangerous and unsafe.

Step 4: Conclusion.
The correct design philosophy is Strong column – Weak beam.