Question

Syngamy can occur outside the body of the organism in

• A. mosses
• B. algae
• C. ferns
• D. fungi.

Hint:

Syngamy is the complete and permanent fusion of male and female gametes to form the zygote. 

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The correct answer is Option B) algae

Syngamy is the complete and permanent fusion of male and female gametes to form the zygote. When fertilization occurs outside the body of the organism, this type of gametic fusion is called external fertilization or external syngamy. In the majority of algae, external fertilization occurs.

• In algae, gamete fusion occurs outside the plant's body, in water.
• Algae gametes: Single cells without protection.
• In other plants, gamete fusion happens inside the parent body.
• Zygote protection: In other plants, the embryo protects the zygote.

Discover More From Chapter: Reproduction in Organisms

Answer 2

The correct answer is Option B) algae

Real Life Applications

• In vitro fertilization( IVF) is a procedure in which fertilization occurs outside the body of the organism. The egg and sperm are collected from the parents and then placed in a laboratory dish. 
• Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) is a procedure similar to IVF, but the egg and sperm are not fertilized in the laboratory dish. 
• Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI): ICSI is a procedure in which a single sperm is injected directly into the egg. 

Question can also be asked as

1. In which specific organisms or species can syngamy occur outside the body, and what conditions are necessary for this external syngamy to take place? 
2. What are the advantages or disadvantages of syngamy occurring outside the organism's body in terms of reproductive success and survival? 
3. How does external syngamy compare to internal fertilization in terms of reproductive strategies and adaptations in different organisms? 
4. Can you provide examples of species or organisms where syngamy occurs outside the body?

Answer 3

The correct answer is Option B) algae

Syngamy, also known as fertilization, is a vital process in the reproductive cycle of organisms. While most organisms undergo syngamy within their bodies, algae exhibit a unique characteristic of syngamy occurring outside their organism's body. 

Syngamy

• Syngamy refers to the fusion of gametes, which are specialized cells involved in sexual reproduction.
• It is the process through which genetic material from two parent gametes combines to form a zygote.

Algae and Reproductive Adaptations

• Algae, a diverse group of photosynthetic organisms, exhibit a wide range of reproductive strategies.
• One notable adaptation is the occurrence of syngamy outside the body of the organism.

Syngamy Outside the Organism

• In algae, the fusion of gametes takes place in an external environment, typically water.
• This external environment provides the necessary conditions for gamete fusion to occur.

Gametes in Algae

• Algal gametes are single cells that lack protective structures.
• Unlike many other plants or organisms, they are not enclosed within specialized structures like flowers or reproductive organs.

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Advantages of External Syngamy

• Syngamy outside the organism offers several advantages to algae.
• It allows for the efficient dispersal of gametes in aquatic environments, increasing the chances of encountering compatible partners for reproduction.
• External syngamy also minimizes the risk of self-fertilization, promoting genetic diversity in algal populations.

Zygote Protection

• In contrast to algae, most other plants have evolved mechanisms to protect the zygote after syngamy.
• In these plants, syngamy occurs within the parent body, where the developing zygote is shielded and nourished by the embryo.

Algae exhibit a unique reproductive strategy where syngamy, the fusion of gametes, occurs outside the organism's body, typically in water. This adaptation allows for efficient dispersal of gametes and helps maintain genetic diversity in algal populations. In contrast, most other plants protect the zygote within the parent body through specialized structures like flowers or reproductive organs.