Study the lists I, II, III & IV given below and identify the mismatch.
Show Hint
Focus on the canonical definition: verticellaster = condensed cymes in Lamiaceae (not simple monochasia); cyathium = unique euphorbia structure with reduced unisexual flowers.
If two items are clearly wrong, select the option listing both mismatches.
Practice by drawing small sketches of these inflorescences — visuals fix conceptual errors.
Evaluate each statement for correctness:
I. Verticillaster (typical of Lamiaceae, e.g., \emph{Leucas}) is a condensed false whorl formed by cymose units; the statement "Begin as a monochasial cyme" is incorrect because verticillasters are usually derived from dichasial or condensed cymose units rather than strictly starting as monochasia.
II. Cyathium (in \emph{Euphorbia}) is a specialised cup-like inflorescence bearing highly reduced unisexual flowers (a single pistillate flower surrounded by several staminate flowers and nectar glands) — describing it as "bisexual flowers arranged in cymose fashion" is incorrect because the component flowers are unisexual and highly reduced.
III. Hypanthodium (as in \emph{Ficus}, Moraceae) indeed contains male, female and often gall (or sterile) flowers in the enclosed inflorescence — this is correct.
Therefore mismatches are I and II → option (3).
