Study the following image carefully :
From the following, choose the correct option which indicates similarities in the policies of India and Pakistan, in the post-1947 period:
“British colonial rule in India executed a systematic economic exploitation that involved the extraction of India’s resources and wealth to benefit Britain.” Justify the given statement with valid explanation.
(a) (i) Import substitution policy, if not applied carefully, can be a double-edged sword for any economy. Do you agree with the given statement? Justify your answer with valid arguments.
(ii) State how multilateral trade is different from bilateral trade.
OR
(b)
(i) Discuss briefly, causes and consequences of the tax reforms initiated during economic reforms in India.
(ii) Give one example each of a Navratna and a Maharatna company in the public sector in India.
Using the following data, analyse the sectoral contribution of India and Pakistan towards Gross Value Added (GVA).
Sector | Contribution to GVA | Distribution of Workforce | ||||
India | China | Pakistan | India | China | Pakistan | |
Agriculture | 16 | 7 | 24 | 43 | 26 | 41 |
Industry | 30 | 41 | 19 | 25 | 28 | 24 |
Services | 54 | 52 | 57 | 32 | 46 | 35 |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |