Question

Select the item(s) that are NOT stipulated as obligatory function(s) of the urban local bodies as per the 12\textsuperscript{th} Schedule of the Indian Constitution.

• A. Urban poverty alleviation
• B. Promotion of cultural, educational and aesthetic aspects
• C. Special measures for disaster mitigation
• D. Prevention of cruelty to animals

Hint:

12th Schedule = 18 functions of ULBs. Remember: Urban poverty alleviation and cultural/educational aspects are included; disaster mitigation and animal cruelty prevention are not.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C, D

Step 1: Recall of 12th Schedule functions.
The 12th Schedule (added by 74th Constitutional Amendment, 1992) lists 18 functions for Urban Local Bodies, such as: urban planning, water supply, sanitation, solid waste management, slum improvement, urban poverty alleviation, fire services, urban forestry, cultural & educational promotion, etc.

Step 2: Analyze options.
- (A) Urban poverty alleviation → Clearly listed in 12th Schedule. ✓ Obligatory.
- (B) Promotion of cultural, educational and aesthetic aspects → Explicitly listed in 12th Schedule. ✓ Obligatory.
- (C) Special measures for disaster mitigation → Not explicitly mentioned in 12th Schedule. ✗ Not obligatory.
- (D) Prevention of cruelty to animals → Falls under Animal Welfare Board functions (List III), not under ULB obligations in 12th Schedule. ✗ Not obligatory.

Step 3: Conclusion.
Hence, NOT obligatory = (C) and (D).

Final Answer: \[ \boxed{\text{(C) and (D)}} \]