Question:

Second stage of hydrosere is occupied by plants like

Updated On: Jul 28, 2022
  • Salix
  • Vallisneria
  • Azolla
  • Typha
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

Series of biotic communities that develop one after the other in a newly formed pond or lake is called hydrosere. It starts as soon as the muddy water becomes clear. The pioneer stage of hydrosere is plankton stage. Death and decomposition of planktons in the first serai stage of hydrosere produces organic matter which mixes up with clay and silt at the bottom to form soft mud which is favourable for growth of submerged hydrophytes in the next serai stage. Hence, the second stage of hydrosere is occupied by submerged hydrophytes like Vallisneria.
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Concepts Used:

Ecological Succession

Ecological succession is the steady and moderate change in a species of a given area with respect to the changing environment. Our nature consists of both biotic and abiotic factors. When these biotic and abiotic factors interact with each other to develop natural communities they give rise to such successions.

Ecological Succession:

When land is left on its own for years, it starts being occupied by microorganisms followed by wild shrubs and other large plants, which gives rise to a new ecosystem. The series of stages is quite predictable and inescapable. In order to understand the primary and secondary succession, we need to be very much clear about what ecological succession is as they are its types. This succession mainly focuses to bring about equilibrium in the ecosystem. When the target is achieved, it is called a climax community. 

The number of species to survive is then decided based on achieving the equilibrium. In a community, these changes happen in a sequence, and such a community is known as a seral community which further is an intermediate stage of ecological succession advancing towards the climax community. All the succession begins with an instigating species. The instigate species or the first species build an initial biological community that is simpler in form. The initiation of this ecological succession separates it into the following three types –

  1. Primary succession
  2. Secondary succession
  3. Cyclic Succession