Question

Satellite-Based NAVSTAR GPS Augmentation System(s) is/are

• A. EGNOS
• B. WAAS
• C. GAGAN
• D. DGPS

Hint:

Satellite-based augmentation systems like EGNOS, WAAS, and GAGAN are essential for improving the accuracy and reliability of GPS signals, particularly for applications like navigation, aviation, and land surveying.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A, B, C

Satellite-Based NAVSTAR GPS augmentation systems are critical for enhancing the accuracy, reliability, and availability of GPS signals. These systems are designed to improve the precision of GPS navigation, which is inherently subject to errors due to factors such as atmospheric disturbances, multipath effects, and satellite geometry. Augmentation systems achieve this by providing additional signals or corrections that can be used by GPS receivers to improve position accuracy.
Explanation of the Options:
- EGNOS (Option A): EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service) is a satellite-based augmentation system that provides enhanced GPS signals over Europe. It provides corrections to improve the accuracy of GPS positioning by broadcasting additional information from geostationary satellites. EGNOS is one of the well-known augmentation systems. - WAAS (Option B): WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) is the U.S. satellite-based augmentation system designed to improve the accuracy of GPS in the United States. Similar to EGNOS, it uses geostationary satellites to broadcast correction data to GPS receivers. WAAS increases the reliability and integrity of GPS data, making it useful for critical applications like aviation. - GAGAN (Option C): GAGAN (GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation) is an Indian satellite-based augmentation system that enhances the accuracy and reliability of GPS signals over the Indian subcontinent and the surrounding region. GAGAN provides corrections for GPS data, similar to WAAS and EGNOS, to improve positional accuracy. - DGPS (Option D): DGPS (Differential GPS) is a method of correcting GPS signals using a network of fixed reference stations. While DGPS does provide accuracy improvements over standard GPS, it is not a satellite-based augmentation system like EGNOS, WAAS, or GAGAN. It typically relies on ground-based infrastructure rather than satellites.
Thus, the correct answers are (A), (B), and (C), as EGNOS, WAAS, and GAGAN are all satellite-based augmentation systems.