Question:

Restriction enzymes cut the strand of DNA to produce sticky ends. Stickiness of the ends facilitates the action of the enzyme DNA polymerase.

Updated On: Jul 28, 2022

If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
If assertion is true but reason is false
If both assertion and reason are false

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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

Restriction enzyme, a type of endonuclease, functions by "inspecting" the length of a DNA sequence. Once it finds a recognition sequence, it binds and cuts each of the two strands of the double helix at specific point leaving single stranded portions at the ends. This results in overhanging stretches called sticky ends. These are named so because they form hydrogen bonds with their complementary counter parts, i.e., they can join similar complementary ends of DNA fragment from some other source with the help of DNA ligase. This stickiness of the ends facilitates the action of the enzyme DNA ligase, not DNA polymerase.

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Concepts Used:

Biotechnology

Biotechnology is a vast field of biology that involves the creation, production, and modification of useful products for human welfare using both the technology and the execution of living organisms and their components. An agricultural engineer, Karoly Ereky, coined the word "biotechnology" in 1919, achieving him the title of "Father of Biotechnology."

Principles of Biotechnology:

Among many, the two core techniques that entitled the birth of modern biotechnology are :

Genetic Engineering is one of the methods of direct modifications of an organism's genome (i.e., DNA and RNA). It requires the introduction of new genes into host species to escalate function or trait, hence altering the host organism's phenotype.
Bioprocess Engineering is one of the methods of maintaining sterile conditions to facilitate the growth of large quantities of desired microbes and other eukaryotic cells for the development of new or modified biotechnological products such as enzymes, vaccines, antibiotics, and other biotechnological products.