Question:

Read the following statements and choose the set of correct statements:

  1. Euchromatin is loosely packed chromatin
  2. Heterochromatin is transcriptionally active
  3. Histone octamer is wrapped by negatively charged DNA in nucleosome
  4. Histones are rich in lysine and arginine
  5. A typical nucleosome contains 400 bp of DNA helix

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Updated On: Apr 26, 2024
  • (b), (d), (e) Only
  • (a), (c), (d) Only
  • (b), (e) Only
  • (a), (c), (e) Only
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

Heterochromatin refers to regions of DNA that are densely packed with histone proteins, rendering them transcriptionally inactive. This is in contrast to euchromatin. Each nucleosome contains approximately 200 base pairs of DNA helix.
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Concepts Used:

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

DNA Replication:

DNA synthesis is commenced at particular points within the DNA strand referred to as ‘origins’, which are certain coding regions. There are numerous origin sites, and when replication of DNA starts, these sites are mentioned as replication forks. Within the replication, the complex is the enzyme DNA Helicase, so that they can be utilized as a template for replication. DNA Primase is another enzyme that's essential in DNA replication.

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is an essential biological macromolecule that exists all together in biological cells. It is principally involved in the synthesis of proteins, that carry the messenger instructions from DNA, which itself contains the genetic instructions needed for the event and maintenance of life. In some viruses, RNA, in spite of DNA, carries genetic information.

Genetic Code:

Genetic code is the term we use in the manner that the four bases of DNA--the A, C, G, and Ts--are strung together in a way that the ribosome, the cellular machinery, can read them and switch them into a protein. In the ordering, every three nucleotides during a row count as a triplet and code for one amino alkanoic acid.

Read More: Molecular Basis of Inheritance