Question

____ is the nodal agency for protection of environment and promotion of environment policies in India.

• A. Pollution Control Board
• B. State Government
• C. Central Government
• D. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
• A. Depletion of nitrogen layer
• B. Water pollution
• C. Depletion of ozone layer
• D. Land pollution
• A. Environmental Deterioration
• B. Industrialization
• C. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
• D. Bhopal Gas Tragedy
• A. Unemployment
• B. Industrialization
• C. Urbanization
• D. Deforestation
• A. Environmental Legislation
• B. Land Pollution
• C. Ecosystem
• D. Environmental deterioration

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the nodal agency for protection of environment and promotion of environment policies in India.
It coordinates environmental policies and ensures their implementation through legislation and other measures.

Answer 2

Nodal Agency for Environmental Protection in India:
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the primary nodal agency responsible for the protection of the environment and the promotion of environmental policies in India.

This Ministry coordinates various environmental policies and programs across the country to address issues related to pollution, conservation, and sustainable development.

The need for strong environmental governance was highlighted after incidents like the Bhopal Gas Tragedy, which led to the enactment of comprehensive environmental legislation in India. These laws include rules on the storage, handling, and management of hazardous waste to ensure public safety and ecological balance.

Therefore, the Ministry plays a crucial role in implementing measures to mitigate environmental deterioration caused by factors such as industrialization, urbanization, deforestation, and pollution.

Conclusion:
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the nodal agency for environmental protection and policy promotion in India.

Answer 3

The gases discharged from air conditioners and refrigerators, such as CFCs, contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer.
These gases rise into the stratosphere and break down ozone molecules, leading to a thinner ozone layer.

Answer 4

Gases from Air Conditioners and Refrigerators and Their Impact:
The gases discharged from air conditioners and refrigerators primarily include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs). These substances are known to be harmful to the Earth's ozone layer.

When released into the atmosphere, these gases rise up to the stratosphere where they undergo photodissociation by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, releasing chlorine atoms. These chlorine atoms then catalytically destroy ozone molecules, leading to the thinning of the ozone layer.

The ozone layer is crucial for protecting life on Earth as it absorbs the majority of the sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation. Its depletion results in increased UV exposure, which can lead to health hazards such as skin cancer, cataracts, and adverse effects on ecosystems.

Conclusion:
Therefore, the gases discharged from air conditioners and refrigerators cause the depletion of the ozone layer.

Answer 5

The Bhopal Gas Tragedy, which took place in 1984, caused a major disaster in India, exposing the need for stricter environmental laws.
This led the Government of India to enact comprehensive environmental legislation to prevent such incidents in the future.

Answer 6

The necessity for the Government of India to enact comprehensive environmental legislation arose primarily due to the Bhopal Gas Tragedy, one of the worst industrial disasters in the world.

This tragedy, which occurred in December 1984, involved the accidental release of toxic methyl isocyanate gas from a pesticide plant in Bhopal, causing thousands of deaths and long-term health effects for the local population.

The scale and impact of this disaster highlighted the urgent need for stricter environmental laws and regulations to ensure the safe handling, storage, and disposal of hazardous substances.

As a result, the government established comprehensive legislation to regulate environmental protection, including the management of hazardous waste, to prevent such catastrophic incidents in the future.

Conclusion:
Therefore, it was the Bhopal Gas Tragedy that made it necessary for the Government of India to enact comprehensive environmental legislation.

Answer 7

Unemployment is generally not considered a direct contributor to environmental degradation.
On the other hand, industrialization, urbanization, and deforestation are commonly associated with significant environmental impact, leading to issues like pollution, loss of biodiversity, and deforestation.

Answer 8

Environmental Degradation and Its Causes:
Environmental degradation refers to the deterioration of the natural environment through the depletion of resources such as air, water, and soil; the destruction of ecosystems; and the extinction of wildlife. Various factors contribute to this process, often as unintended consequences of human activity.

According to the passage, major contributors to environmental degradation include:
- Industrialization
- Poverty
- Population explosion
- Urbanization
- Over-exploitation of resources

These factors lead to pollution of air, land, and water, depletion of the ozone layer, deforestation, and other forms of environmental harm.

Non-Contributing Factor:
Among the options, unemployment is not mentioned as a factor contributing to environmental degradation. While unemployment is a significant social and economic issue, it does not directly cause environmental harm like the other factors listed.

Conclusion:
Therefore, unemployment has not contributed to environmental degradation according to the information provided.

Answer 9

An ecosystem refers to the complex network of living organisms (plants, animals, microbes) and non-living components (such as air, water, and minerals) interacting in a particular environment.
Environmental legislation, land pollution, and environmental deterioration are different concepts that impact ecosystems but do not define them.

Answer 10

Definition of Ecosystem:
An ecosystem is a combination of living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components that interact with each other in a particular environment.

The living components include plants, animals, microorganisms, and humans, while non-living components consist of air, water, soil, sunlight, and minerals.

These components form a complex network of relationships where energy flows and nutrients cycle, maintaining ecological balance.

The mutual interaction among these living and non-living elements sustains life and supports various ecological processes essential for environmental stability.

Conclusion:
Therefore, the term that represents the combination of living and non-living things and their mutual interaction is an ecosystem.