Rajan and Rohit are partners in a partnership firm sharing profits and losses equally. You are required to prepare the Profit and Loss Account for the year ended 31st March 2020 and the Balance Sheet as on that date with the help of the following information:
Trial Balance as on 31st March 2020
\[
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline
Debit Balances & Amount (₹) & Credit Balances & Amount (₹)
\hline
\text{Insurance} & 30,000 & \text{Capital Account:} &
\text{Land and Building (Addition of ₹40,000 w.e.f. 1st July 2019)} & 1,00,000 & \text{Rajan} & 1,00,000
\text{Salaries} & 10,000 & \text{Rohit} & 1,00,000
\text{Export Duty} & 5,000 & \text{10% Bank Loan (taken on 1st October 2019)} & 60,000
\text{Interest} & 2,000 & \text{Bills Payable} & 19,000
\text{Furniture} & 80,000 & &
\text{Debtors} & 52,000 & &
\hline
\text{Total} & 2,79,000 & \text{Total} & 2,79,000
\hline
\end{array}
\]
Additional information :
(1) Gross profit amounted to ` 69,000.
(2) Insurance paid for 15 months w.e.f. 1st April 2019.
(3) Depreciate land and building at 10% p.a. and furniture at 5% p.a.
(4) Write off ` 2,000 for bad debts and maintain R.D.D. at 5% on sundry debtors.
(5) Closing stock is valued at ` 69,000.
\hline \text{Insurance} & 30,000 & \text{Capital Account:} &
\text{Land and Building (Addition of ₹40,000 w.e.f. 1st July 2019)} & 1,00,000 & \text{Rajan} & 1,00,000
\text{Salaries} & 10,000 & \text{Rohit} & 1,00,000
\text{Export Duty} & 5,000 & \text{10% Bank Loan (taken on 1st October 2019)} & 60,000
\text{Interest} & 2,000 & \text{Bills Payable} & 19,000
\text{Furniture} & 80,000 & &
\text{Debtors} & 52,000 & &
\hline \text{Total} & 2,79,000 & \text{Total} & 2,79,000
\hline \end{array} \] Additional information :
(1) Gross profit amounted to ` 69,000.
(2) Insurance paid for 15 months w.e.f. 1st April 2019.
(3) Depreciate land and building at 10% p.a. and furniture at 5% p.a.
(4) Write off ` 2,000 for bad debts and maintain R.D.D. at 5% on sundry debtors.
(5) Closing stock is valued at ` 69,000.
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Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Prepare the Profit and Loss Account for the year ended 31st March 2020.
We begin with the gross profit, which is already given as ₹69,000. Adjustments like depreciation, bad debts, and interest will be made as we proceed.
Expenses:
- Salaries: ₹10,000
- Insurance: ₹30,000 (paid for 15 months from 1st April 2019)
The portion relating to the current year (12 months) = \(\frac{12}{15} \times 30,000 = ₹24,000\)
- Depreciation on Land and Building: 10% of ₹1,00,000 (since the addition is made on 1st July 2019, we take half-year depreciation) = ₹5,000
- Depreciation on Furniture: 5% of ₹80,000 = ₹4,000
- Bad Debts (₹2,000) and R.D.D. (5% of ₹52,000 Debtors = ₹2,600)
Profit and Loss Account for the year ended 31st March 2020
\[
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline
Particulars & Dr. (₹) & Cr. (₹)
\hline
\text{To Salaries} & 10,000 &
\text{To Insurance (current year)} & 24,000 &
\text{To Depreciation on Land and Building} & 5,000 &
\text{To Depreciation on Furniture} & 4,000 &
\text{To Bad Debts and R.D.D.} & 4,600 &
\text{Gross Profit b/d} & & 69,000
\hline
\text{Net Profit} & & \boxed{41,400}
\hline
\end{array}
\]
Step 2: Prepare the Balance Sheet as on 31st March 2020.
The Balance Sheet includes assets and liabilities adjusted for depreciation, bad debts, and capital balances.
Balance Sheet as on 31st March 2020
\[
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline
Liabilities & Amount (₹) & Assets & Amount (₹)
\hline
\text{Capital Accounts:} & & \text{Land and Building (after depreciation)} & 95,000
\text{Rajan} & 1,00,000 & \text{Furniture (after depreciation)} & 76,000
\text{Rohit} & 1,00,000 & \text{Debtors (after bad debts and R.D.D.)} & 49,400
\text{Bank Loan} & 60,000 & \text{Cash at Bank} & 10,000
\text{Bills Payable} & 19,000 & \text{Cash in Hand} & 1,000
\hline
\text{Total Liabilities} & 2,79,000 & \text{Total Assets} & 2,79,000
\hline
\end{array}
\]
Final Answer: \text{(a) The Profit and Loss Account shows a net profit of ₹41,400.} \text{(b) The Balance Sheet as on 31st March 2020 is balanced at ₹2,79,000.}
Questions Asked in Maharashtra Class XII exam
Given below is the Balance Sheet of 'Bhanubai Mahila Seva Kendra' as on 1st April 2019 and Receipts and Payments account for the year ending 31st March 2020:
\[\begin{array}{|l|r|l|r|} \hline \text{Liabilities} & \text{Amount (₹)} & \text{Assets} & \text{Amount (₹)} \\ \hline \text{Capital Fund} & 40{,}000 & \text{Machinery} & 10{,}000 \\ \text{Outstanding Expenses:} & & \text{Furniture} & 20{,}000 \\ \text{Wages} & 8{,}000 & \text{Government Bonds} & 6{,}500 \\ \text{Electricity} & 7{,}000 & \text{Outstanding Subscription} & 8{,}500 \\ \text{Stationery} & 1{,}000 & \text{Cash in Hand} & 1{,}000 \\ & & \text{Cash at Bank} & 10{,}000 \\ \hline \text{Total} & 56{,}000 & \text{Total} & 56{,}000 \\ \hline \end{array}\]
Receipts and Payments Account for the year ended 31st March 2020:
\[\begin{array}{|l|r|l|r|} \hline \text{Receipts} & \text{Amount (₹)} & \text{Payments} & \text{Amount (₹)} \\ \hline \text{To Balance b/d} & & \text{By Electricity Charges} & 25{,}000 \\ \text{Cash in hand} & 1{,}000 & \text{By Wages} & 22{,}000 \\ \text{Cash at bank} & 10{,}000 & \text{By Stationery} & 3{,}000 \\ \text{To Subscription:} & & \text{By Rent and Taxes} & 11{,}800 \\ 2018{-}2019 & 2{,}000 & \text{By Travelling Expenses} & 8{,}000 \\ 2019{-}2020 & 45{,}000 & & \\ 2020{-}2021 & 3{,}000 & \text{By Balance c/d:} & \\ \text{To Entrance fees} & 28{,}000 & \text{Cash in hand} & 4{,}000 \\ \text{To Other receipts} & 5{,}000 & \text{Cash at bank} & 20{,}200 \\ \hline \text{Total} & 94{,}000 & \text{Total} & 94{,}000 \\ \hline \end{array}\]
Additional information:
\[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{Outstanding wages ₹ 450} \\ \bullet & \text{Entrance fees should be capitalised.} \\ \bullet & \text{Depreciate furniture at 10\% p.a.} \\ \bullet & \text{Subscription for 2019{-}20 was outstanding ₹ 3,000.} \end{array}\]
Prepare:
\[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{(a) Income and Expenditure account for the year ended 31st March 2020.} \\ \bullet & \text{(b) Balance Sheet as on 31st March 2020.} \end{array}\]
- Maharashtra Class XII - 2025
- Accounting for Non-Profit Organizations
Mahendra, Surendra and Narendra were partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio 5 : 3 : 2 respectively. Their Balance Sheet as on 31st March 2019 was as follows:
\[\begin{array}{|l|r|l|r|} \hline \text{Liabilities} & \text{Amount (₹)} & \text{Assets} & \text{Amount (₹)} \\ \hline \text{Capital Account:} & & \text{Stock} & 17{,}000 \\ \text{Mahendra} & 23{,}000 & \text{Furniture} & 18{,}000 \\ \text{Surendra} & 15{,}000 & \text{Land and Building} & 16{,}000 \\ \text{Narendra} & 12{,}000 & \text{Bank} & 37{,}000 \\ \text{Bills Payable} & 2{,}000 & & \\ \text{Creditors} & 8{,}000 & & \\ \text{Bank Loan} & 12{,}000 & & \\ \text{General Reserve} & 16{,}000 & & \\ \hline \text{Total} & 88{,}000 & \text{Total} & 88{,}000 \\ \hline \end{array}\]
Mr. Narendra died on 30th June 2019 and the following adjustments were agreed as per deed:
\[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{Stock, furniture, land and building are to be revalued at ₹ 16,700, ₹ 16,200 and ₹ 30,100 respectively.} \\ \bullet & \text{Narendra's share in goodwill is to be valued from the firm's goodwill, which was valued at 3 times the average profit of the last four years. The profits for the last four years were:} \\ & \quad \bullet \ \text{I year – ₹ 30,000} \\ & \quad \bullet \ \text{II year – ₹ 25,000} \\ & \quad \bullet \ \text{III year – ₹ 25,000} \\ & \quad \bullet \ \text{IV year – ₹ 40,000} \\ \bullet & \text{His profit up to the death is to be calculated on the basis of the profit of last year.} \\ \bullet & \text{Narendra was entitled to get a salary of ₹ 1,200 per month.} \\ \bullet & \text{Interest on capital at 10\% p.a. to be allowed.} \\ \bullet & \text{Narendra's drawing up to the date of his death was ₹ 900 per month.} \end{array}\]
Prepare:
\[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{(A) Narendra's Capital Account showing amount payable to his executor.} \\ \bullet & \text{(B) Give working notes for:} \\ & \quad \bullet \ \text{Share of goodwill due to Narendra} \\ & \quad \bullet \ \text{Share of profit due to Narendra} \end{array}\]
- Maharashtra Class XII - 2025
- Partner's Death and Capital Account
Given below is a Balance Sheet of Aditya, Ajinkya, and Arun who were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio 5:3:2. Their Balance Sheet as on 31st March 2020 was as follows:
\[\begin{array}{|l|r|l|r|} \hline \text{Liabilities} & \text{Amount (₹)} & \text{Assets} & \text{Amount (₹)} \\ \hline \text{Creditors} & 10{,}450 & \text{Cash} & 3{,}800 \\ \text{Reserve Fund} & 7{,}500 & \text{Debtors} & 9{,}000 \\ \text{Capital Account:} & & \text{Stock} & 8{,}750 \\ \text{Aditya} & 21{,}000 & \text{Machinery} & 50{,}000 \\ \text{Ajinkya} & 18{,}500 & \text{Furniture} & 2{,}500 \\ \text{Arun} & 16{,}600 & & \\ \hline \text{Total:} & 74{,}050 & \text{Total:} & 74{,}050 \\ \hline \end{array}\]
On 1st April 2020, Arun retired on the following terms:
\[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{Goodwill of the firm will be raised in the books at ₹ 10,000.} \\ \bullet & \text{Stocks to be reduced by 10\%, Furniture by 5\%, and Machinery by 10\%.} \\ \bullet & \text{A provision of 5\% R.D.D. to be maintained on debtors.} \\ \bullet & \text{₹ 100 to be written off from creditors.} \\ \bullet & \text{All the amount due to Arun will be transferred to his loan account.} \\ \end{array}\]
Prepare:
\[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{(a) Profit and Loss Adjustment Account} \\ \bullet & \text{(b) Partners' Capital Account} \\ \bullet & \text{(c) Balance Sheet of the new firm} \\ \end{array}\]
- Maharashtra Class XII - 2025
- Retirement of Partner
Mr. Deepak and Mr. Abhishek were in partnership sharing profits and losses in the proportion of 3:1 respectively. Their Balance Sheet as on 31st March 2019 stood as follows:
\[\begin{array}{|l|r|l|r|} \hline \text{Liabilities} & \text{Amount (₹)} & \text{Assets} & \text{Amount (₹)} \\ \hline Capital Account: & & Land and Building & 32,000 \\ \hline Mr. Deepak & 1,20,000 & Plant and Machinery & 60,000 \\ \hline Mr. Abhishek & 40,000 & Furniture & 22,000 \\ \hline General Reserve & 16,000 & Stock & 40,000 \\ \hline Sundry Creditors & 80,000 & Sundry Debtors & 64,000 \\ \hline Bank Overdraft & 42,000 & Cash & 80,000 \\ \hline Total: & 2,98,000 & Total: & 2,98,000 \\ \hline \end{array} \]
They admitted Adinath into partnership on 1st April 2019 on the terms that:
\[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{Adinath shall bring in ₹ 40,000 as his capital for a 1/5 share in future profits and ₹ 20,000 as his share of goodwill.} \\ \bullet & \text{Furniture to be depreciated by 20\%.} \\ \bullet & \text{Stock should be appreciated by 10\%.} \\ \bullet & \text{Building should be appreciated by 5\%.} \\ \bullet & \text{A provision for 5\% R.D.D. to be created on sundry debtors.} \\ \bullet & \text{Capital accounts of all partners be adjusted in their new profit-sharing ratio through cash account.} \\ \end{array}\] Prepare: \[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{(a) Revaluation Account} \\ \bullet & \text{(b) Partners' Capital Account} \\ \bullet & \text{(c) New Balance Sheet of the firm} \\ \end{array}\]
- Maharashtra Class XII - 2025
- Admission of Partner
- From the following information, find out the current ratio and net profit ratio: (A) From the following information, find out the current ratio: (i) Total assets = ₹22,000
(ii) Fixed assets = ₹10,000
(iii) Capital employed = ₹20,000
(B) Calculate the net profit ratio from the following data: (i) Sales = ₹76,000
(ii) Cost of goods sold = ₹52,000
(iii) Indirect expenses = ₹12,000- Maharashtra Class XII - 2025
- Financial Ratios