Step 1: Understanding protozoa.
Protozoa are single-celled microorganisms that can cause various diseases in humans.
Step 2: Analyzing the options.
(A) Tuberculosis: Caused by bacteria.
(B) Cholera: Caused by bacteria.
(C) Malaria: Correct — Malaria is caused by the protozoan parasite \textit{Plasmodium}.
(D) Dengue: Caused by a virus.
Step 3: Conclusion.
Protozoa cause the disease Malaria.